学习この友🧑‍🤝‍🧑🧑‍🤝‍🧑: macroeconomy
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显示标签为“macroeconomy”的博文。显示所有博文

2022年5月27日星期五

Macroeconomic Chapter 3:Determination of National Income Equilibrium

 Chapter 3

这个chapter要先知道3个sector economy

two sector economy 这个没有tax

three sector economy 这个有government tax

four sector economy 这个有government tax和 net export

Yd= C+S

for two sector, Yd=Y because in two sector, there is no tax exists

for three sector, Yd=(Y-T)

  • APC= C/Yd
  • MPC=change in C/change in Yd
  • C=a + bYd
    •  b=MPC
  • Y=C when saving is zero, Y= C + S
  • APS=S/Yd
  • MPS= change in S / change in Yd
  • APC + APS = 1
    • APC= 1 - APS
    • APS= 1- APC
  • MPC+MPS=1
    • MPS= 1- MPC
    • MPC= 1- MPS
  • S= -a + (1-b)Yd
    • 1-b=MPS
    • 1-MPC=MPS
    • a= saving when disposable income is zero

2022年4月25日星期一

Chapter 1 :Macroeconomic

 Macroeconomic Chapter 1都学些什么呢?

✅The concept of macroeconomics
    ✅Define macroeconomics
    ✅Compare between Macroeconomics and Microeconomics
    ✅The macroeconomics goals
    ✅The Problem of macroeconomics goals

✅Aggregate demand and aggregate supply
    ✅define aggregate demand and aggregate supply
    ✅aggregate demand and aggregate supply curve
    ✅factors that shift AD curve and AS curve

✅4th Industrial Revolution 
    ✅The influence of 4 Industrial Revolution 
        ✅The growth of Gig Economy and Digital Economy

✅The concept of macroeconomics

一开始肯定少不了define macroeconomics

Macroeconomics是学country‘s economic activities。例如,problem of inflation, level of unemployment,balance of payment等 

Compare between macroeconomics and microeconomics


























左边是microeconomics,右边是macroeconomics。

Macroeconomic goals

1.Achieving Full Employment
    🔎少于6%的失业率就代表达到full employment
    🔎如果失业率高,代表资源没有用到optimum

2.Maintaining Price Stability
    🔎没有price fluctuation
    🔎general price increase会导致inflaction
    🔎general price decrease会导致deflaction

3.Sustainable Good Economic Growth
    🔎提高生活水平
    🔎增加output

4.Fair Equitable Distribution of income
    🔎解决贫富悬殊的问题
    🔎达到相近的收入

5.Competitive International Trade
    🔎达到更高的生产
    🔎经济福利

6. Satisfactory Equilibrium in Balance of Payments
    🔎import>export 亏
    🔎import<export 赚

The problem of Macroeconomics Goals无法同时达到两个macro goal

1.To achieve full employment and maintain price stability
    🔎政府为了减少失业率,减少tax税,增加津贴。 当政府给予津贴后,市场上就需要很多人手,随之失业率会减少。当失业率减少后,达到了full employment,人民的经济能力就会提高,这会导致demand增加,人民开始疯狂购物,故此general price就也会增加,导致inflation。Inflation发生后,消费者的消费能力就下降,接而导致investment下降,失业率又增加。 

2.To achieve economic growth and maintain price stability
    🔎为了达到economic growth,政府必须要鼓励investment。怎样鼓励investment?减少interest rate,那么investment level就会增加。Investment增加会导致就业机会增加,国家生产力也会增加。就业机会增加,那么消费能力就会增加,general价格就会增加(inflation),那么就达不到price stability了。为了让general price stable,政府就必须调高interest rate,减少investment,就业机会减少,人民消费能力减少,那么economic growth就无法达到。

3.To achieve economic growth and equilibrium in balance of payment
    🔎当我们的经济成长速度过高,人民就会增加消费奢侈品。当人民收入增加,自然而然会购买更多import的货多过local的货,会造成 import>export,就导致deficit in the balance of payment。政府只能减少economic growth来减少人民不断购买进口货

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